Pro-lymphangiogenic VEGFR-3 signaling modulates memory T cell responses in allergic airway inflammation

K Maisel, CL Hrusch, JEG Medellin, L Potin… - Mucosal …, 2021 - nature.com
K Maisel, CL Hrusch, JEG Medellin, L Potin, DB Chapel, H Nurmi, DF Camacho, R Gleyzer
Mucosal immunology, 2021nature.com
In allergic airway inflammation, VEGFR-3-mediated lymphangiogenesis occurs in humans
and mouse models, yet its immunological roles, particularly in adaptive immunity, are poorly
understood. Here, we explored how pro-lymphangiogenic signaling affects the allergic
response to house dust mite (HDM). In the acute inflammatory phase, the lungs of mice
treated with blocking antibodies against VEGFR-3 (mF4-31C1) displayed less inflammation
overall, with dramatically reduced innate and T-cell numbers and reduced inflammatory …
Abstract
In allergic airway inflammation, VEGFR-3-mediated lymphangiogenesis occurs in humans and mouse models, yet its immunological roles, particularly in adaptive immunity, are poorly understood. Here, we explored how pro-lymphangiogenic signaling affects the allergic response to house dust mite (HDM). In the acute inflammatory phase, the lungs of mice treated with blocking antibodies against VEGFR-3 (mF4-31C1) displayed less inflammation overall, with dramatically reduced innate and T-cell numbers and reduced inflammatory chemokine levels. However, when inflammation was allowed to resolve and memory recall was induced 2 months later, mice treated with mF4-31C1 as well as VEGF-C/-D knockout models showed exacerbated type 2 memory response to HDM, with increased Th2 cells, eosinophils, type 2 chemokines, and pathological inflammation scores. This was associated with lower CCL21 and decreased TRegs in the lymph nodes. Together, our data imply that VEGFR-3 activation in allergic airways helps to both initiate the acute inflammatory response and regulate the adaptive (memory) response, possibly in part by shifting the TReg/Th2 balance. This introduces new immunomodulatory roles for pro-lymphangiogenic VEGFR-3 signaling in allergic airway inflammation and suggests that airway lymphatics may be a novel target for treating allergic responses.
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